About the Retirement Calculator
Retirement planning comes down to one core question: will your savings, growing at a reasonable rate, actually support the income you'll need? Our Retirement Calculator projects your nest egg at retirement age based on your current savings, monthly contributions, and expected investment return, then estimates a sustainable annual income from it.
How It Works
Using your current age and target retirement age, the calculator determines how many years your money has to grow. It then compounds your current savings and monthly contributions at your expected annual return over that time. Finally, it applies your chosen withdrawal rate to the projected balance to estimate a sustainable annual income in retirement.
Formula & Methodology
The projection phase uses the same compound-growth-plus-contributions math as any long-term investment projection. The withdrawal phase applies a 'safe withdrawal rate' - commonly 4%, based on historical research into how much a diversified portfolio can support annually without running out of money over a typical multi-decade retirement - as a simple multiplier against the final balance, rather than modeling actual year-by-year market returns during retirement.
Step-by-Step: Calculating It By Hand
- 1Find the number of years between your current age and target retirement age.
- 2Compound your current savings and monthly contributions forward using your expected rate of return over that many years.
- 3Multiply the resulting nest egg by your chosen withdrawal rate to estimate sustainable annual income.
- 4Divide by 12 if you want a monthly income figure instead.
Examples
30 years to grow
Starting at age 30 with $20,000 saved and $500/month at a 7% return, by age 65 the projected balance is well over $700,000.
Starting later
The same monthly contribution starting at age 45 instead of 30 results in a significantly smaller balance at 65 - a clear illustration of why time matters more than almost any other factor.
Advantages
- Combines your current savings, future contributions, and growth in one projection
- Translates a lump-sum nest egg into an estimated annual income
- Lets you test different retirement ages and contribution levels instantly
- Free to use as many times as you want while you plan
Common Mistakes
- Assuming a constant rate of return with no market volatility
- Not adjusting the withdrawal rate for a longer-than-average retirement
- Ignoring Social Security or pension income when estimating total retirement income
- Underestimating how inflation reduces future purchasing power
Edge Cases to Watch For
- The 4% rule was derived from historical US market data over rolling 30-year periods - a longer retirement (say, retiring at 45) generally warrants a lower, more conservative withdrawal rate.
- This projection assumes a constant annual return, while real portfolios experience volatility, and poor returns early in retirement can be more damaging than the same poor returns later (sequence-of-returns risk).
- Social Security and any pension income aren't included here and should be added separately to get a complete retirement income picture.
- Required minimum distributions on traditional retirement accounts can force withdrawals at a specific age regardless of what this calculator's withdrawal rate suggests.
Common Use Cases
- Checking whether your current savings rate is on track
- Testing how increasing monthly contributions changes your outcome
- Comparing different retirement ages
- Setting a savings goal for a specific target income